I am going to research how supermarkets use ICT to have an impact on :: ICT Essays

I am exhalation to research how supermarkets use ICT to have an furbish up on society. building block 12 Impact on SocietyMy chosen ara is a supermarket. I am going to research howsupermarkets use ICT to have an impact on society.Since the introduction of ICT in supermarkets, e verything has becomemuch more efficient. Supermarkets have improved tremendously by usingthe following things in stores Online Shopping EPOS EFTPOS citation Cards Loyalty Cards Cash BackQuestion 1Ways in which ICT is used in a supermarket atomic number 18 Online ShoppingOnline obtain is a way in which ICT is used in supermarkets. Itenables the shopper to be able to cloud things online. This is a quickand easy method of purchasing goods and accordingly has an impact onsociety.IMAGEThis affects me because is somebody in my family is unable togo to the supermarket for some reason, we just order the productsonline. We do this because we find it easy and also we find it helpfulas products post be delivered to our home.This affects the community because more and more hoi polloi will shoponline because it is very simple therefore the supermarket will havemore customers and therefore they will have bigger profits. Ifsomebody is poorly, they can debase their shopping online. volume cancompare prices of products online and you can shop at any cartridge holder youwant.All the main supermarkets use online shopping. For example, Tesco andAsda. These websites bequeath customers to browse through all theproducts and they also allow the customer to compare prices ofproducts with other supermarket prices so that you can buy thecheapest one without having to go onto other websites. EPOS (Electronic point of sales)EPOS is an electronic system, which enables the supermarket toautomatically generalise stock from the stock level. This also enablespeople to buy things quickly. People working on the checkout do nothave to check for any price labels. They just scan the barcode, whichgives them th e price and automatically deducts the product mop up thestock.EPOS has an affect on me because it makes it easier and faster to scanproducts therefore I can be served a lot quicker.This affects the community as well because if they are happy with theservice then they will keep coming back for more products. Also,supermarkets are putting local shops out of business because mostpeople are going to supermarkets to buy their shopping. This isbecause the corner shops are not able to compete with supermarkets.Also, secret code is ordering milk from milkmen anymore because they justgo and buy milk from a supermarket once a week.I am going to research how supermarkets use ICT to have an impact on ICT EssaysI am going to research how supermarkets use ICT to have an impact on society.Unit 12 Impact on SocietyMy chosen area is a supermarket. I am going to research howsupermarkets use ICT to have an impact on society.Since the introduction of ICT in supermarkets, everything has becomemuch m ore efficient. Supermarkets have improved tremendously by usingthe following things in stores Online Shopping EPOS EFTPOS Credit Cards Loyalty Cards Cash BackQuestion 1Ways in which ICT is used in a supermarket are Online ShoppingOnline shopping is a way in which ICT is used in supermarkets. Itenables the shopper to be able to buy things online. This is a quickand easy method of purchasing goods and therefore has an impact onsociety.IMAGEThis affects me because is somebody in my family is unable togo to the supermarket for some reason, we just order the productsonline. We do this because we find it easy and also we find it helpfulas products can be delivered to our home.This affects the community because more and more people will shoponline because it is very simple therefore the supermarket will havemore customers and therefore they will have bigger profits. Ifsomebody is poorly, they can buy their shopping online. People cancompare prices of products online and you can shop at any time youwant.All the main supermarkets use online shopping. For example, Tesco andAsda. These websites allow customers to browse through all theproducts and they also allow the customer to compare prices ofproducts with other supermarket prices so that you can buy thecheapest one without having to go onto other websites. EPOS (Electronic point of sales)EPOS is an electronic system, which enables the supermarket toautomatically deduct stock from the stock level. This also enablespeople to buy things quickly. People working on the checkout do nothave to check for any price labels. They just scan the barcode, whichgives them the price and automatically deducts the product off thestock.EPOS has an affect on me because it makes it easier and faster to scanproducts therefore I can be served a lot quicker.This affects the community as well because if they are happy with theservice then they will keep coming back for more products. Also,supermarkets are putting local shops out of business because mostpeople are going to supermarkets to buy their shopping. This isbecause the corner shops are not able to compete with supermarkets.Also, nobody is ordering milk from milkmen anymore because they justgo and buy milk from a supermarket once a week.

The Life and Work of C.G. Jung Reconsidered Essay -- C.G. Jung Biograp

The Life and Work of C.G. Jung ReconsideredIn my original paper on Carl Gustav Jung, I took a rather skeptical view of the doctor and his work, for several reasons that I will reiterate. However, after studying further into his work, I realized that these objections wholly related to his primaeval psychiatric cases, and I found myself to be far more intrigued and impressed by his later work and theories. While I had stated in my beginning(a) consideration of Jung that, there is a frustratingly limited, almost preconceived opinioned quality to much of his work, I was pleasantly surprised later on to find that umteen of his later theories and assumptions were anything but limited. I still believe that in his early case work he took tremendous risks, both clinically and professionally, yet it is that risk-taking expectation of his personality that ultimately allowed, or rather, propelled him to boldly go forward with more or less of his most groundbreaking and controversial contr ibutions to the fields of psychology, and philosophy as well. It can make up be said, and has been, that Dr. Jung is the father of modern new-age thinking. He also laid the groundwork for those who were inspired by his thoughts, perhaps much in the way that he himself was earlier inspired by Freud. Once again, while my original opinion of Dr. Jung caused me to wonder how much of Jungs work was truly visionary, and how much of it benefits from a positive hindsight bias because of the successes he was able to achieve in his early casework, I must say that my current opinion, early casework aside, is that Jung was in fact truly visionary, and was the originator of some of the most revolutionary conceptual thinking that the human experience has to offer.I will begin by giving a short background on Dr. Jungs life, revisiting some of my objections to his early case work, and then move on to the ideas and concepts that caused me to reconsider his work as a whole. Carl Gustav Jung was bor n on July 26th, 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland, the only son of Johannes Paul Achilles Jung, a Swiss Reformed Church Evangelical minister. He was a strange, melancholic child with no brothers or sisters until he was night club years old. The family was steeped in religion, as he had eight uncles in the clergy as well as his maternal grandfather, Samuel Preiswerk, a respected pastor in Basel.In school Jung gravitated... ...s experience from the practical to the mysticalThese theoretical concepts developed by Dr. Jung are what caused the hypothesis and negativity of my original consideration of him to be replaced by a deep respect and, in fact, an almost gleeful fascination with his work. I am discovering that quite a few people find that Jung has a great deal to say to them. This tends to include writers, artists, musicians, film makers, theologians, clergy of all denominations, students of mythology, and of course, and many psychologistsIn conclusion, my opinion on Carl Gustav Jung has come full circle. In a sense, the genuinely qualities about him that I found troubling initially are the same qualities that allowed him to be brave enough to defy and question, at first, Freud, and later perhaps the stainless psychiatric establishment base, and come up with theories and concepts that are still being built upon. There are elements of his work in the Humanistic approach, Existentialism, and obviously the heterogeneous Jungians, and neo-Jungians that continue to explore the meaning he was able to give to what previously held little meaning. Dr. Jungs work was visionary, to say the least, visionary indeed.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Interventions Essay -- eye contact, commun

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that develops during a childs first few years of life (Lesack, Bearss, Celano, & Sharp, 2014). This disorder occurs significantly more often in boys than girls (Goldstein, Naglieri, Rzepa, & Williams, 2012). Autism is part of a group that is known as pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), which also includes Aspergers disorder, Rett disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder and pervasive development disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) (Sunita and Bilszta, 2012). Some characteristics children represent with autism is the softness to make eye contact, to initiate and respond communication, and smile back at someone else who is smiling at them. Autistic children have trouble with understanding messages and interpreting of facial expressions, body language, tone of voice, and emotional expressions directed toward them. There is also a sense of fear that they have when there is a change of env ironment (Goldstein, Naglieri, Rzepa, & Williams, 2012). These children also show many developmental struggles like reciprocal socialization, interests, motor skills, cognitive skills, thinking, and activities. On top of all of those developmental difficulties as many as 70% of children with autism spectrum disorder show challenging behaviors, including aggression, disruptive behaviors, and cause injury to themselves. When a child with autism has disruptive behaviors is can lessen the response to educational encumbrance and then turn into further separation from children around their age, which increases the caregivers stress related to disruptions in daily activities (Lesack, Bearss, Celano, & Sharp, 2014). These difficulties or characterization... ...ractice in Pediatric Psychology. 2(1), 68-82. Nah, Y., Young, R.L., & Brewer, N. (2014). Using the Autism Detection in Early Childhood (ADEC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scales (CARS) to Predict Long Term outcome in Children with A utism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. March 23, 2014. Sari, O.T., (2014). Outcomes of Play-based Home Support for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. tender Behavior and Personality. 42(Suppl.) S65-S80. Sunita &Bliszta, J.L. (2012). Early Identification of Autism A Comparison of the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health. 49(2013). 438-444. Thompson, T. (2013). Autism Research and Services for Young Children History, take place and Challenges. Journal of Applied in Intellectual Disabilities. 26. 81-107.

cuba :: essays research papers

Cuba     Cuba is the agricultural that I will research for this assignment. Cuba was found by humans in about 3500 BC. On October 27, 1492 Christopher sighted Cuba and then by 1514, Diego Velzquez de Cullar had conquered the island for the Spanish crown. In these particular countries cattle ranching became most popular for Cuban economy, but by 1592 the system was abolished.     Cuba is the Caribbeans commercialized islands and is one of the worlds defy bastions of communism. In Cuba US dollars are not accepted. People that travel to Cuba have to have their money converted over to Cuban money in shape to buy anything, and the cost to change the money is 10% of how much you are exchanging. This issue causes problems for many people that visit the country. Cuba has about five main attractions with capital of Cuba being the most popular. Baracoa is another major attraction of Cuba that sits on a headland between two picturesque bays near Cubas easternmost point of Cabo Mais. capital of Chile de Cuba is another main attraction and is the second biggest city in Cuba. Trinidad is the last of the attractions in Cuba and is the only one that I am familiar with. Out of only of these attractions Havana is not only the most popular but is the center of the country of Cuba.     The size of Cuba is 110,860 sq km and has a population of eleven million. The capital of the commonwealth of Cuba is Havana which has over 2 million people. Cuba has different races that live within the country. They have 60% Spanish descent, 22% mixed-race, 11% African descent, and 1% Chinese. This country also has different religions which have 47% Catholic, 4% Protestant, and 2% Santera. The country has a communist government and the head of state is the President of the Council of State

the scarlet letter c- :: essays research papers

Since the dawn of man people have been challenged by flagitious. Whether it was Eve feeding and than offering the apple to Adam, or the Caveman murdering his neighbor for personal benefit. Using Nathaniel Hawthorns novel The Scarlet Letter we can see how evil consumes someones day to day live even if it is filled with the morals brought fourth upon them by their god. Three of the four main characters in this book were sinners who were faced with evil and chose to suffer, combat, or bargain with it. With good intentions the townspeople also played a role letting evil exist with the intentions of stomping it out. In the 1600s because of fear from their spiteful god Puritans tried to be moral and just. They chose a life where the 10 commandments was the law of the land and there was no exception. The sixth commandment Thou Shalt not Commit fornication was not a rule that people ignored. With the intentions of comforting Hester Prynnes lonesomeness and grief for her missing husband, Arthur Dimmesdale became passionate. They both shared intimacy cognise the result was not praised in Heaven. She later found that she was pregnant and our novel begins to show a struggle between good and evil.After Hester Prynnes nestling was born, she was forced to take her walk of shame out of the prison doors to stand on a Scaffold to be publicly humiliated. The townspeople in the grocery store were astonished that a woman can let her luxuria overwhelm her into the point of adultery. Harsh statements came out of their mouths. At the very least, they should have put the make of a hot iron on Hester Prynnes forehead. Said one of the angry puritans (1360). The townspeople have good intentions by trying to teach others that Adultery was a sin yet are doing the work of the Dark Man. By mentally crucifying this woman and making her wear the letter they are forming their own lust and vengefulness. While on the Scaffold she looks down to see her missing husband Rodger Chillingworth and he is horrified and ashamed. It is hard to forgive and Chillingworth mentally vows revenge to the one who impregnated his wife. He later tells her not to let his identity to be known. Even in chapter four The Interview it is hard for us to see the path of evil he is about to follow.

the scarlet letter c- :: essays research papers

Since the dawn of man people have been challenged by evil. Whether it was Eve eating and than offering the orchard apple tree to Adam, or the Caveman murdering his neighbor for personal benefit. U overstepg Nathaniel Hawthorns novel The Scarlet Letter we can see how evil consumes someones solar day to day live even if it is filled with the morals brought fourth upon them by their god. Three of the four main characters in this book were sinners who were faced with evil and chose to suffer, combat, or passel with it. With good intentions the townspeople also played a role letting evil exist with the intentions of stomping it out. In the 1600s because of fear from their vengeful god Puritans attempt to be moral and just. They chose a life where the 10 commandments was the law of the land and there was no exception. The sixth commandment Thou Shalt Not Commit adultery was non a rule that people ignored. With the intentions of comforting Hester Prynnes lonesomeness and grief for her missing husband, Arthur Dimmesdale became passionate. They both shared intimacy knowing the result was not praised in Heaven. She later found that she was pregnant and our novel begins to show a struggle between good and evil.After Hester Prynnes child was born, she was forced to capture her walk of shame out of the prison doors to stand on a Scaffold to be publicly humiliated. The townspeople in the marketplace were astonished that a woman can let her lust overwhelm her into the point of adultery. Harsh statements came out of their mouths. At the very least, they should have put the brand of a voluptuous iron on Hester Prynnes forehead. Said one of the angry puritans (1360). The townspeople have good intentions by trying to teach others that Adultery was a sin yet are doing the work of the Dark Man. By mentally crucifying this woman and making her wear the letter they are forming their own lust and vengefulness. While on the Scaffold she looks down to see her missing husband Rod ger Chillingworth and he is horrified and ashamed. It is hard to forgive and Chillingworth mentally vows revenge to the one who impregnated his wife. He later tells her not to let his identity to be known. Even in chapter four The Interview it is hard for us to see the path of evil he is about to follow.

Central Route

Describe how each side used central route or off-base route influence principles to put together the negotiation outcomes These two routes to persuasion ar 1) the central route and 2) the peripheral route. An individual who is using the central route go forth be more prosecute in processing and evaluating the merit of the argue parties proposal. This route is much more analytical and is concerned with the actual logistics of the proposal/argument.An individual engaging in the peripheral route, by contrast, will focus less on the actual merit and logic of debate counsels arguments and instead will be more influenced by things that are more peripheral to the issue at hand, such as the physical attractiveness of the person trying to persuade them, or presentation or packaging. It is genuinely important for negotiators to realize that numerous factors can influence their negotiation partners to use either one of these two routes. It would be a mistake to assume that an opposing party will always operate in the same way based on immutable factors such as education or intelligence.Something as simple as not having gotten enough sleep, or being hungry, can engage a huge effect on how the opposing party will process your arguments during negotiation, making even a savvy or intelligent negotiator more likely to use the peripheral route. The Central Route to position Research has established that decisions reached using the central route to persuasion are gener completelyy going to be more satisfying and effective to parties in the long run. However, It is important for negotiators to be aware that they only want to encourage this example of decision-making if they have something of true value to offer the opposing party.Once you have determined you have something of value, the first great way to encourage this type of thinking is to discuss the issues in the negotiation as a joint problem-solving venture. This type of prompting will encourage the opposing party to look at the situation in a detailed and thoughtful way. Next, it is important to reduce distractions during negotiations if you indirect request to encourage this type of analysis. A simple way to do this is to ensure that you will have a quiet, distraction free environment for the negotiation where the opposing party will feel calm and comfortable.Finally, recommending open dialogue where all individuals are required to give in-put encourages individual state and independent thinking among opposing parties. This can be a great way to solicit the central route to persuasion. When people are placed in a position of responsibility and the burden is placed on them to come up with creative and effective ways the attack the problem, they are much more likely to deeply collapse the arguments and proposals made by the other side. The Peripheral Route of PersuasionClearly, the peripheral route to decision making is far less attractive when negotiators are quest a long lasting, s ustained guide. Individuals who use this route to persuasion often are influenced by superficial factors such as the clothing, appearance or meditate title of the opposing party. These negotiators also use mental short cuts and make decisions without closely analyzing the relevant facts and consequences of the opposing parties proposal. Because this route to persuasion is less likely to result in a long lasting, sustained agreement it is only advisable to use in specific situations.Namely, those in which a short-term solution is all that is desired. The easiest and most effective way to encourage this type of decision-making is through use of the expertise heuristic. A mental short cut used by those engaged in the peripheral route to persuasion. This mental short cut can essentially be summed up like this people tend to relegate to perceived authorities or experts when making decisions without thoughtful analysis. Therefore, it could be extremely useful to emphasize skill and kno wledge in the area of negotiation in order to encourage this type of analysis by the opposing party.

Act Four of the Crucible Essay

How does moth miller present John Proctor as a heroic figure in incite Four of The Crucible? Does the play engender any relevance for us watching it today?A hero is a person who is admired for having through with(p) something very brave or having achieved something great according to www.dictionary.co.uk. I also think a hero is a person who doesnt necessarily have to be of a pure soul, who has never done anything vituperate. For example, in The Crucible, a person like Rebecca Nurse who never did anything wrong wasnt portrayed as a hero to us. We see John Proctors actions as more heroic and they are similar to Linford Christies actions (where he was accused for victorious drugs and now acts as a senior mentor for athletes) which a modern reference watching it today would see as a comparable, if a slight serious, situation.Miller presents Proctor as a heroic figure in Act Four of The Crucible by John Proctors actions. These accommodate John refusing to sign the document, which would save his life. However, at the same time it would mean he would lie and Proctor would kinda die than sign a document, which condemned him to works with the devil. I feel this shows John as a hero because he has not only done something very brave by giving his life, which slew will admire, but because he has struggled through and done the right thing which will ultimately lead to an end in the accusations of witchcraft in Salem. This damp of the play deserves a lot of attention as it shows the greatest act of heroism in the play by Proctor. It also reflects the most relevance for an audience watching today, who would relate Johns example to their own lives.In the earlier acts of the play Miller shows John Proctor resisting temptation from Abigail. The reader sees this as heroic because we know that John has already had an affair and he doesnt want to cheat again. The reader also knows that it is hard for John Proctor and when he does resist Abagail the reader sees this as a heroic action. The way other characters respond to John Proctor also shows us that John is a hero.Miller shows other characters, for example bloody shame Warren, respecting him. The first time Miller introduces John into the play we see how other characters respect his authority. MARY WARREN leaps in fright. Mary was doing wrong and Proctor discovered her. The fact that we see her leaping in fright shows how she respects Johns authority. She admires him enough to feel ashamed of her wrong doing and a hero is someone who is admired by other people.In Act 4 Proctor knows he has made mistakes in the past and doesnt think that people will see him as a hero if he is hung. I footnot mount the gibbet like a saint. It is a fraud. By John saying this it shows he is not arrogant. The audience see arrogance as an unheroic action. John Proctor says he refuses to testify because he detests authority. It is hard to let out a lie to dogs. Miller makes John refer to authority figures as dogs bec ause they are hanging people for incorrect and false acusations. Proctor refuses to lie because he wants to stand up to a corrupt justice system. The audience sees this as a heroic action because he is prepared to sacrifice himself in come in to abolish the justice system in the future. For John to give his life it is the biggest act of heroism a man can do and we see this bravery as a noble action.In this final act Miller suggests to us that John is performing actions with other people in mind rather than himself. If he confesses he wants to know if other people will be able to forgive him for lying. What would you have me do? Proctor is thinking about confessing and he does not want Elizabeth, or any other person, to think badly about him for lying. This is because he is feeling guilty. This guilt shows human emotions and the audience sees this as something they can relate to in their everyday life, because John is a person like us.However, John leads by example and, although he is human, he is a role amaze who always tries to do the right thing even if it is difficult and may have consequences for him. An earlier example of this is John attempting to save Elizabeth in court by confessing his act of adultery. I have known her, sir. This is what makes him heroic for the audience as he tries to do the right thing, for other people not just him, when it is sometimes difficult because of the resulting consequences.Another way in which we see John as heroic is because he physically part up the confession slip. PROCTOR tears the paper and crumples it. This action by Proctor is heroic because he is trying to correct his mistakes. Proctor isnt perfect but he tries to make up for what he has done wrong in the past. Proctor doesnt want to return to his old ways of doing wrong as he felt rueful and ashamed of his affair with Abigail. The audience admires his attempt to correct his wrong doing and in doing so Miller gains the audiences respect for Proctor. Our admi ration for Proctor makes us relate John to being a hero because by definition a hero is admired by other people because of their actions.

Effects of Unresolved Conflict on Marital Satisfaction and Longevity Essay

Effects of Unresolved Conflict on Marital Satisfaction and Longevity Over the past decade, in that respect has been tremendous interest in the processes in spousals, with a corresponding burgeoning of longitudinal studies on marriage. (Bradbury, 1998). Karney and Bradbury, in their 1995 re skyline of the longitudinal research on marriage, included 115 studies consisting of 68 independent samples and more than 45,000 marriages. These studies sire an in-depth understanding of when marital dissatisfaction sets in, how problems develop, and what leads to the consequence of marital dissolution. Longitudinal studies on the early years of marriage report a common phenomenon Marital satisfaction declines and booking increase (Huston & Houts, 1998 Kurdek, 1998 Leonard & Roberts, 1998 Lindahl et al., 1998). Kurdek found that marital satisfaction for husbands and wives decreased over the runner 6 years of marriage, with the steepest drop occurring in the first 2 years. Lindahl et al. (19 98), in their 9 year study of the development of marriage, found a similar rend.Marital adjustment signifi domiciliatetly declined during the first couple of years and then leveled out by approximately the third to fourth years. Several factors seem to account for this decline commitment, booking, and communication. In particular, husbands and wives low faith in the marriage at year 1 predicted both spouses long- term low marital satisfaction. Spouses with low faith at the start of the marriage may report low marital satisfaction 6 years later be bugger off they lack the motivation or the skill to engage in the kinds of kinship maintenance deportments that foster high levels of satisfaction (e.g., being conform to during remainder, managing jealousy, and being get outing to sacrifice).Many researchers attri onlye the decline in marital satisfaction in the early years to the couples transition to p arnthood, and typically this factor has been a focus of their studies. However, this factor al mavin does not seem to account for the lower satisfaction, because many couples without peasantren also experience a similar decline. The happening of encounter appears as anformer(a) critical variable in the course of marital satisfaction. Conflict is inevitable in any intimate human relationship. How it affects satisfaction depends on the extent to which couples engage in troth or withdraw from it. There are usually short-term negative effects to engaging in conflict, but there are long-term positive effects. If conflict is not openly addressed but is avoided, there are issues that can be left discrepant and further fuel feeling of resentment and anger.In their longitudinal study of 33 couples, Noller and Feeney (1998) found that, during the first 2 years of marriage, less happy couples do concerted attempt to improve their relationships during the first yea of marriage, but gave up these efforts by the time of the third assessment in the study. Noller and Fe eney suggested that these new behaviors to improve the relationship were not being reinforced by the partner and hence did not become an integral part of the behavior repertoire. In particular, destructive conflict behaviors much(prenominal) as coercion, manipulation, and avoidance were likely to have negative effects on relationships. Similarly, particular patterns of communication can have long-term effects on relationship satisfaction. In the Noller and Feeney study, communication behaviors predicted later satisfaction for wives only. Wives reports of negativity, disengagement, and destructive processes at Time 1 predicted lower satisfaction at Time 2. These destructive patterns of communication that cause problems later in relationships had developed before the couple became married. Although most of the couples in this study were not living together prior to marriage, it appears that their patterns of communication and resolving conflict were established before they even had t o traveling bag particular issues involved in living together in a marriage. Other researchers have also discover that how couples behave prior to marriage indeed affects their satisfaction and stability during marriage. According to Lindhl et al. (1998), a variety of communication and conflict-related variables before marriage can predict who will stay married and who will divorce. In particular, they found that how couples communicate and regulate negative effect (anger, frustration, mistrust, and resentment) during conflict was significantly related to marital stability. The strategies that these couples used to handle conflict tended to improve over time. For example, the levels of withdrawal and verbal aggression decreased. In their longitudinal studies of marital processes, Rusbult, Bissonnette, Arriage, and Cox (1998) found commitment to a relationship to be strongly predictive of feelings of satisfaction. Their study followed 123 married couples over the course of three an d cardinal half years.They concluded that commitment is a central relationship-specific motive that promotes a wide range of prorelationship behaviors and enhances dyadic adjustment. Strong commitment to a marriage promotes greater willingness to accommodate. Accommodation is defined as behavior in which individuals forgo self-interested behavior for the good of a relationship, place greater value on prorelationship behavior, and recognize the interdependence of the partners. It is one of several specific mechanisms through which committed individuals sustain their relationships. As incompatibilities and problems surface during the marriage, partners either accept each others differences or the problem that are not resolved persist until the relationship dissolves. The perpetual problems homunculus views couples behaving similarly during courtship as they do after they are married, and consequently the problems that arise during courtship often persist into marriage. Thus, problem s that persist from courtship through marriage erode partners feelings toward one another. In contrast to the disillusionment model, the perpetual problems model proposes that courting couples are aware of each others strength and flaw as they enter marriage. Alternative models of relationship deterioration emphasize that particular personalities of the partners are root cause of marital happiness and distress. In these models, spouses view their partners, but not their own, personality as cause for marital disaffection. In particular, the partners with the personality trait of negative affectivity are more likely to be unhappy in their marriages. Negative affectivity reflects a tendency to be anxious and emotionally labile, to report distress or discomfort, to be introspective, and to dwell on ones own and other peoples shortcomings.Husbands and wives high in negative affectivity tend to make more negative attributions for their partners behavior. In the Karney et al. study, there was a relation between husbands level of negative affectivity and their own and their waves marital satisfaction. On the positive side, a personality grapheme that is resulted to marital satisfaction is expressiveness, which is a communal orientation that includes being kind, gentle, aware of others feeling, warm, and emotional, and which might reduce conflict in relationships because one can respond constructively when ones partners behaves poorly. It is apparent that many of these disaffected spouses suffered in silence. They were reluctant to admit marital problems to friends and family. because the majority of respondents had experienced marital doubts during the first year of the marriage, it may have been too embarrassing to these spouses to admit dissatisfaction so early in their marriages. In addition, there is a taboo in western culture that discourages spouses from talking about their marriages. This so-called intermarital taboo states that married sposes cannot talk ope nly to each other about their marriages. Unfortunately, because of this taboo, couples do not have the scene to share with one another the stresses of married life and the possible ways to cope effectively with them. On the other hand, resolving conflict is part of family life. Husbands and wives dissent with each other, parents and children do not always see eye to eye and sibling relationships frequently involve rivalry. The characteristic ways in which families resolve conflict are an important part of the practicing family and influence child development.Children are sensitive to anger and conflict even when adults other than their parents express it. Unresolved marital conflict is more predictive of child functioning than marital satisfaction alone suggesting that the specific ways that husbands and wives resolve conflict may be related to child social and emotional functioning. Not at all marital conflict is detrimental to children, however. Exposure to low levels of marital conflict may provide one avenue for children to learn how to solve interpersonal problems effectively. Particular patterns of marital interaction have been found to be related to couples distress, the likelihood of divorce, and child behavior problems. Couples whose conflict is typified by mutually hostile exchanges, or one partner making demands while the other withdraws from further discussion, are less satisfied in their marriages and are at greater risk for divorce have proposed that children raised in families with high levels of marital conflict may become fearful that their parents are on the road to divorce and dissolution of important family relationships.Consequently, the child is motivated to reduce marital conflict by distracting the parents subsystem and decrease the conflict denotative in the marital subsystem. In this regard, the battling husband and wife are enlisted as cooperative mother and father, and the result is a temporary reduction in marital negative affec t. Although there may be increased negative affect between parent and child, the system has retained its order and the subsystem of parent child dominion temporarily overrides the marital subsystem and preserves the family as a whole. Meanwhile, interactions in one portion of the family will more than likely influence other interactions in the family. The court to children can be quite high when there is disruption in the marital relationships, as it effects the parents ability to engage in mutually pleasing interactions with their children. Marital difficulties are proposed to lead to inconsistent parenting and discipline, which in turn create situations conducive to child behavior problems.Externalizing problems in elementary-school-age boys have been found to be better predicted by a model of family stress (including marital satisfaction and divorce) mediated by negative maternal control and disciplinary interactions. In some cases, there is a cascading effect, where specific aspects of marital conflict spill over into parent-child interactions. When husbands withdrew in angry conflicts with their wives, the wives tended to be critical and intrusive with their children, which in turn were related to internalizing problems. Love, money, support, security, companionship, and ecesis are types of retorts desired in a close relationship. The cost of staying in a relationship may involve ones time, energy, and various other efforts. During thee breakdown of a relationship, there is a drastic shift in perceived rewards or costs.This shift may be to the individuals view of fewer rewards, such as less time together and less money, as examples, or what may have been perceived as a reward earlier in the marriages is no longer reward. For example, the continual care and attention given by a partner may have been viewed as rewarding in the beginning of the relationship, but later is viewed as smothering or manipulative.Although disappointed in the marriage, the d isaffecting spouses were not contemplating leaving the marriage at this time, but were attribute on to the hope that the marital relationship would improve. In general, the disaffecting spouses assumed responsibility for marriage problems. They tried to change the marriage by pleasing and accommodating their partners, try to be a perfect spouse, in the words of one respondent. In coping with their marital dissatisfaction, respondents were primarily keeping silent and denying the gravity of the marital situations. quest support and help from their friends, family, or a professional helper rarely occurred.ReferencesBradbury, T. N. (1998). The Developmental course of marital dysfunction. N.Y Cambridge University Press.Huston, T. L., & Houts, R. M. (1998). The psychological infrastructure of courtship and Marriage The fibre of personality and compatibility in romantic relationships.In T. N. Bradbury (Ed.). The developmental course of marital Dysfunction (pp.114-151). Cambridge, Engl and Cambridge University Press.Kurdek, L. A. (1998). Development change in marital satisfaction A 6 year prospectivelongitudinal study of newly wed couples. In T. N. Bradbury (Ed.). The developmental course of marital Dysfunction (pp.180-204). Cambridge, EnglandCambridge University Press.Leonard, K. E., & Roberts, L. J. (1998). Marital aggression, quality, and stability in the for the first time year of marriage Findings from the Buffalo newlywed study. In T. N. Bradbury (ed.), The developmental course of marital Dysfunction (pp.44-73). Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press.Lindahl, K., Clements, M., & Markman, H. (1998). The development of marriage A 9 Year perspective. In T. N. Bradbury (ed.), The developmental course of marital Dysfunction (pp.2005-236). Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press.Noller, P., & Feeney, J. A. (1998). Communication in early marriage Response to conflict, nonverbal accuracy, and conversational patterns. In T.N Bradbury (ed.), The developm ental course of marital dysfunction (pp.11-43). Cambridge, England Cambridge University press.Rusbult, C. E., Bissonnette, V., Arriaga, X. B. & Cox, C. L., (1998). Accommodation during the early years of marriage. In T. N. Bradbury(ed.), The developmental course of marriage dysfunction (pp.74-113). Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press.

Good vs evil in Shakespeare’s Macbeth Essay

The play Macbeth is a very tragic unity. It is about the downfall of a hero who is led by temptation to mass writ of execution of instrument and cruelty. Shakespeare uses various styles and techniques to display very evidently how Macbeths character develops as the story progresses, and thus we see how Macbeth turns from correct to fell, from a valiant cousin and comely gentleman to a bloody butcher. The play tells the story of how a noble warrior, Macbeth, descends into evil after meeting with three witches supernatural beings who prophesy Macbeths destiny. He is told he will become King of Scotland, and this idea of gaining power leads him to murder the king, take his throne and then continue his murder spree on evidently whoever he feels like. Eventually Macbeth is slain and order is restored in Scotland.From the very start we have progressively come to abhor Macbeth, however, we cannot help but feel a certain admiration for him. But much more we have a sense of irony and waste irony because some sterling qualities have been stupefy to such evil use, waste because Macbeth was a potentially large man who was lost. . Macbeth is a play concerned wholly with the battle between good and evil throughout the play we continually see signs of a supernatural struggle between the two, with evil winning over good when Macbeth murders the king, but then good finally defeating evil when Macbeth is slain. In position, in the very opening scene we see signs of supernatural happenings and evil the witches Fair is injurious and foul is fair hang around through the fog and filthy airHere we see that, to the witches, what is evil is good (foul is fair) and what is good they find repulsive (fair is foul). This seems to be their attitude to life, but it could similarly be a warning to the interview that things to follow are not what they might seem. The first we hear of Macbeth is with praises to his name. He is called brave Macbeth, valiant cousin and worthy gent leman, fighting a war for God, king and country. For brave Macbeth well he deserves that name Disdaining fortune, with his brandished steel, Which smoked with bloody execution However, it is in scene III that good and evil collide, when Macbeth meets with the witches.Some say that this is the beginning of Macbeths downfall, as in his firstsoliloquy he has already constant of gravitationght of the idea of murdering his king. This small seed planted in his mind will briefly sprout and he will indeed commit treason. Already, the audience loses their adoration for Macbeth as we see his mental frailty and evil designingion. The question at hand is what Macbeth should do is he determined on evil intent or is divine intervention the answer? He contemplates this, and decides that it is not worthwhile to throw everything away for one guilty conscience, instead the solution is murder.We are soon introduced to madam Macbeth, and it becomes clear that she is the ambition, the driving forc e, behind her husband. To Lady Macbeth, her husband is brave, loving, ambitious yet he is in any case noble to fulfil the third prophesy. Lady Macbeth then calls upon evil spirits to make her ruthless so she can kill Duncan. Come you spirits, That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here(predicate), And fill me from the upside to the top toe-full Of direst cruelty make thick my blood.After reading the letter, she already has a plan brewing. However, she fears Macbeths nature. yet I do fear thy nature, it is too full othmilk of human kindness, Thou wouldst be great, Art not without ambition, but without the illness should attend it, What thou wouldst highly, that wouldst thou holily wouldst not play false, And yet wouldst wrongly win. The planning of the murder of Duncan is one of the most important sections of this tragedy. Here we see a conflict in Macbeths character, one side wants him to commit the murder, while the other wants to let fate take its course. In a way it is due to his wife that Macbeth is finally persuaded into committing treason. This shows one of the flaws in his character, which Shakespeare exposes.A while after Macbeth has certain misgivings about the affair. In his mind he argues out the advantages and disadvantages. The good side of him says that hes here in double trust I am his kinsman and subject, as his host who should against his murderers shut the door, not bear the knife myself. The more cunning ships company says that his virtues will plead like angels trumpet-tongued against the deep-damnation of his taking off, but only vaulting ambition, which oerleaps itself and falls on the other,twerewell it were done chop-chop, but this blow might be and the end all here, bloody instructions, which being taught, return to plague th inventor. Yet he cannot suffer this spark of morality as, under the influence of his wife he commits treachery.After the murder Macbeth experienced remorse, guilt and regret, still revealing his nobility. I am horrified to think what I have done he says. He is troubled by his conscience, he realizes that he is cut off from heaven. He is in fact so hampered in his actions by the conflict between his knowledge that he has committed the crime and his abhorrence of it, that he becomes immobile. Macbeths evil is so great that he cannot even say amen to his prayer ,I could not say amen. By now he realizes he is too deep into his acts of violence to turn back. Macbeth has disconnected the values of good and evil. That is, he has confused fair and foul, which confusion has all along been the devils aim. Macbeth has completely committed himself to evil.Macbeth still thinks of himself as a man, and as such would rather die than suffer the indignity of being baited with the rabbles curse. This feeling in him reminds us of the worthy Macbeth at the beginning of the play. We also see that he still has the courage to act on his convictions, desperate though that courage may be. For he knows now t hat he must die. He fights as a man. Macduff and Macbeth fight which signifies the ever on-going battle between good and evil. Eventually Macbeth is slain and the evil has been stopped in Scotland good has triumphed, as Malcom is crown the new King.

Impact of Computers in Todays Society

Computer, as the term is most commonly used, refers to the digital computer, an electronic device that makes extended or multiform calculations at high speeds and (except for certain low-spirited models) is also able to make decisions based on logic. A less common typeface of computer is the analog computer. A digital computer forms the core of a data processing system. Data processing is, basically, the organization of data into a effectual form by such processes as comparing, selecting, and arranging. A very simple example of data processing is alphabetizing a list of names.Electronic data processing, or EDP, is data processing performed by a computer. Computers vary greatly in the speed at which they back tooth perform calculations and in their ability to handle complicated tasks. Computers also vary greatly in sizefrom arrays of equipment occupying a large room to a slice of silicon smaller than a postage stamp. In general, small computers be referred to as microcomputers large computers, as mainframes and computers of intermediate size, as minicomputers. General-purpose microcomputers are commonly called personal computers.The computer ranks as one of the major(ip) technological developments of the 20th century. Beginning about 1950, it took the computer less than two decades to revolutionize the methods of rail line, industry, and government to greatly advance work in the sciences and to find broad application in such diverse fields as accounting, education, medicine, and publishing. Today, the computer industrywhich includes the manufacturing of computers, the designing and marketing of computer programs, and the providing of computer-related servicesis among the most important in the world.History Early forerunners of the computer were the abacus, developed in the ancient times in the Far East, and an adding machine invented in 1641 by Blaise Pascal of France. The principle of the punched control panel was developed about 1801 by Joseph Mari e Jacquard, also of France. His cards were used to control the pattern produced in textiles by a loom. All of the basic principles of the modern digital computerinput and output devices, storage and arithmetic units, and the sequencing of instructionswere conceived in the 1820s and 1830s by Charles Babbage, an English mathematician.He completed a small computer, called a difference engine, in 1822. It consisted primarily of gears and levers and was similar to a modern mechanical desk calculator. Impact and use of computers A computer is a high-speed mathematician, charge clerk, and a typist. It can perform many thousands of times more rapidly than human without error. Its many uses grow out of these characteristics. Computers are used in business to do many routine and time-consuming jobs, such as discussion billing, payrolls, and inventory.Computers can be used in making forecasts of future sales figures or economic conditions. In many organizations, computers are used as word pr ocessors, simplifying the production of reports, letters, and other documents. Some organizations routinely transmit memos and other messages by direction of computer linkups, a form of communication known as electronic mail. Reporters, salespeople, and other workers can produce their written work on portable computers and accordingly transmit the work to an office via telephone lines.In the school, computers are used in many classrooms to assist teachers in instructing students. Computers are used in a variety of ways, from supplying simple drills to providing complex simulations of such processes as conducting a scientific experiments or managing a large company. In such sciences as physics, chemistry, and psychology, computers are used to monitor experiments and organize the results so that they can be interpreted more easily. In astronomy, computers perform the complicated alculations necessary for determining the orbits and relative positions of mixed heavenly bodies. In engin eering, computers are used to help produce and evaluate the design of new products. Another use of computers is to control industrial processes. This form of control, a type of automation, has been applied to such processes as machining, oil refining, and the manufacture of chemicals. Another industrial use is to control robots used in assembly operations.Computers are crucial for a variety of functions performed by government agencies. For example, computers are used by the National Weather Services for analyzing large amounts of run data to make weather forecasts by the Federal Aviation Administration for operating the complex equipment needed to direct air traffic by the Internal Revenue Service for handling tax records by the Census Bureau for compiling statistical data on the countrys population and by the military for communication, defense, and weapons systems.In the home, computers are used for a number of purposes. A popular used of home computers is for playing video gam es. They are also used to gain access by telephone hook-up to networks providing a variety of information and communication services. In some homes, computers are used for word processing and for maintaining household records. It is also known to graze the web and collect various information off of the internet. Many people work off of a computer for a living.A computer can perform a virtually unlimited number of calculations, one after another, without further action on the part of the person using it. It is this ability that sets a computer apart from an ordinary calculating machine, which requires control by a human operator for each calculation. Although the computer itself deals only with meter, it can work with information that was not originally in numerical form if that information lends itself to mathematical and logical analysis.It does so by first converting the information into numbers it then performs calculations with the numbers and converts the result into a usable form. Although computer does not think, it does make decisions. Each decision is based on a logical pattern previously storedby a human beingin the computer. It makes a decision by following instructions such as If the number you are reading is 10 or less, proceed to the next step. If it is greater than 10, skip the next step. In making decisions, the computer uses the same processes as those described in the article LOGIC.

Zara Project

Product classification of Zara Most clothing are classified as an durable good as they are used up slowly, Clothing doesnt need to be disposed of after being worn once, entirely rather could be cleaned and reword until a tear within the seams or a stain kills it, or ultimately it goes out of style pic Product Lifecycle ascribable to the clothing industry is mainly backed behind by what is cool or hip to date, clothing often needs to refresh its look in order to attract customers to purchase the product Many clothing brands including Zara would refresh its new look to attract customers by refreshing its line of descent of clothing such as push out new garments that have a certain style that was popular at the time and this process of refreshing a line of clothing is never stopping Branding Zara uses an one brand discover everywhere concept No matter within which country it possess the name in Zara The brand Zara is recognized in over 1700 stores in 89 countriesPackaging Wi thin most clothing store like Zara, packaging is basically non-existent The overleap of packaging is due to the company wanting the customers to be able to feel the sensible used for the product and able to try it on If both the material and style is favourable to the customer, there is a higher chance of a transaction being made http//marketingmixx. com/marketing-plan-2/200-marketing-plan-of-zara. html http//www. slideshare. net/gunbal/zara-7936993 http//www. forbes. com/sites/lydiadishman/2012/03/23/the-strategic-retail-genius-behind-zara/ http//blogs. ubc. ca/conradchan/2011/09/16/zaras-marketing-strategy/

Image of God

Christianity has been interpreted in domainy ways by different theologians and lay people. As much as this subject is studied thither continues to be an ongoing differing of opinions relating to what it means to be created in the type of paragon. However, evening with the differing of opinions, Christian assent is based on the cardinal touch sensation that Jesus is the Son of idol, the indorse somebody of the Trinity of beau ideal the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and that his life on earth, his crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension into heaven be test copy of idols sock for charitableity. infoplease. com, 2010). Although Christian beliefs are based on the New Testament, Christianity let off mickles the Old Testament as a very important part of its faith and uses it often in reference and teaching. This paper will initiatory establish what it means to be created in the run into of graven bod as it pertains to my opinion and second how my beliefs on th is subject are incorporated into my nur transgressiong practice.Man in deitys Image The most distinctive feature of the biblical understanding of firearm is the teaching that earth has been created in the control of god. Hoekema, 1986). The bible refers to man being make in immortals image in two the Old Testament and the New Testament. In the Old Testament, the book of propagation references man being made in matinee idols image in the Creation Story, in explanation of the generations of Adam to Noah and excessively again in the Covenant With Noah. Genesis 126-28 51-3 and 96. The New Testament references in some different books that man was made in the twin of God and similarly speaks frequently of Jesus as being the perfect man who is made in the image of God.Hoekema states Since Christ was tot all toldy without sin (Heb 415), in Christ we chance upon the image of God in its perfection. Christian belief follows that man was made in the image of God however, differing theologians have demonstrable differing theories over the years in regards to what it means to be made in the image of God. Theologian Saint Augustine of Hippo believed that kind- joinedness, which was created in the image of God, also had an image of the Trinity within it. He believed that there was evidence of the trinity within the human mind such as love, being, k at a timeing, willing and understanding. (new groundencyclopedia. rg, 2010). According to the Catechism of the Catholic church (CCC) Of all visible creatures tho man is able to know and love his manufacturer. He is the only creature on earth that God has willed for its bear sake, Man occupies a strange place in creation, he is in the image of God. God, creator of all life, made man anomalous apart from otherwise(a) musical accompaniment things by giving him applys such as dignity, self-knowledge, self-possession, the energy to commune with others, free will, faith and love. Creation began with Adam and has been passed down to all of manhood which, in turn, results in a unity within humanity.Acts 1726 states He made from nonpareil the whole human race to tolerate on the entire surface of the earth, and he fixed the ordered seasons and the boundaries of their regions. Because creation began with Adam, who was created in Gods image, and we are all from Adam, we too are created in Gods image. The question is what does this mean? For some it means, contrary to my personal beliefs, that with the egest of Adam and the development of sin the image of God in humanity has been destroyed or corrupted. So what does it mean to be created in Gods image? Man was created with definitive differences from other animals.I believe animals are able of love and all living things possess and innate might for survival. I also believe that some animals are capable of a higher cognitive reasoning to an extent. For example, both sharks and chimpanzees have been taught to use a higher thought suffice in t urn producing higher cognition. There is life, even within plants, that manifests and grows. However, God gave man a soul that with his body creates a unity. A soul that possesses rum gifts that other living things do not have. God gave man the ability to develop relationships with others and with God himself.I believe that God initially created man for companionship and love. Because of this our ecclesiastic has made a never-ending covenant with us and loves us unconditionally. I believe that God created man and woman equally and that the first union is the first representation of communion among humans. I believe that our humanity, made in Gods image, is created good. I believe that although there is sin in all of us, this sin does not corrupt our souls exclusively because of Adams original sin, it is now within all of us, not as a personal fault al star a flaw of humanity.A wounded nature (CCC). I believe that man is capable of personal sin and does so on a daily footing bec ause of this wounded nature, however, God gave us free will and man has the prime(prenominal) of right and wrong. Unfortunately, since the Fall, man is no longer perfect with a divine likeness and sin is actually a proper state within humanity. importee that As a result of its original sin, human nature is weakened in its powers subject to ignorance, suffering, and the domination of death and inclined to sin. (CCC).Gods image mud present in us because we are created by God. Good remains present in us because we are created by God. This can be evidenced by seeing humanity divine serviceing each other in times of need, seeing love managed in so many forms and present in so many deeds, seeing the overall beauty of humanity that is present even though we live in a world of sin and imperfection. Man remains hopeful in many ways and the benignity of God shines through in many situations. With all of this happening on a continual basis how could one question that man has lost his imag e of God?Yes, there is evil present in the world, as say earlier mankind is weakened, only weakened, not distorted and corrupt. Personal Beliefs for Serving those in Need of Health distri safee Now that ground has been established for how man is created in Gods image I would like to discuss how I personally not only see this within my nursing practice but also how I use it to provide palm to patient ofs. Shelly and Miller state that The quality of the withstand grew out a Christian understanding of the human person as created in the image of God and viewed the body as a living unity and the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 316).As a concord I find that this statement has very a groovy deal of truth in it. Nurses view the body as a Temple in many ways and assist those in who are not able to consider for themselves. I receive that because we are created in Gods image, we should decease to take oversee of ourselves and try to maintain a illness free state. Unfortunately, there are people who do not evermore share this view this is where keeping God with us while giving armorial bearing becomes very important. As absorbs, whether it is an advanced practice nurse or a floor module nurse, we have a desire to disquiet for others.We want to divine service them return to a functioning state of health, whatever that whitethorn be because it differs depending on disease process. However, often times because a person has a chronic disease, he or she does not want to participate in their care or is oblivious tempered with the staff that cares for this person. When this happens it is easy for a nurse to also become en garde and give less of herself to this person. Unfortunately, this happens frequently on busy units and emergency departments. If the nurse is not careful, he or she can become jaded and judgmental ontogeny preconceived notions of patients based olely on the diagnosis or actions from the patient. However, if the nurse keeps God in her m ind and close to her heart he or she is able to see the patient in a different light and can care for this patient in their diseased state knowing that we are all children of God and made in his image. In order to take optimal, holistic care of our patients we need to always keep with us that humanity is created in Gods image and that life is a sacred gift that we should respect on all levels no matter who the person is or how he or she may differ from yourself.When I am caring for my patients I try to always be not only sympathetic but empathetic. Being sick is a scary thing and often times the outcomes are unknown at the time of the present illness. Fear of the unknown is one of the most common stressors a person can have. So, if you take the stress of not knowing and have it with the physical stress of being sick and emotional stress that accompanies not judgement well you can easily see that nurses often take care of patients when they are not only at a suboptimal level physic ally but also emotionally and often times spiritually.With this in mind one can understand the struggle on both sides of the spectrum a person is at a place where he or she is requiring care from someone other than themselves. This person is a consumer and knows that he or she is paying for the care that is being received, with this in mind one can see how this can easily be looked at from a business-like perspective meaning basically an exchange of transactions and naught more. However, in healthcare there is the human aspect that is very unique among business.We are in the business of caring. As nurses we not only know this, we intuitive feeling this. We see a person in need and provide care for that person, this alone has aspects of the image of God within it. The desire to provide care and love for another being even when this being is not always playing kind or doing the right thing is a grace given to us by God. Jesus, the son of God, the second person of Trinity was a grea t healer and a caring, loving man. In all four of the Gospels, there are acts of healing documented that Jesus performed.Understanding that Jesus wanted to heal afflictions and help those who could not help themselves and knowing that he did this with kindness and love in his heart keeps me true to my profession and spirituality. Not everyone is blessed with good health and even those who are experience tragic events. Because humanity is a union, created by God and in the image of God, we are called to help one another not only in times of need but on a daily basis. I think that in doing this we intone our relationship between each other and with God.As a nurse I keep this in perspective so that I am not only helping my patients but also my patients family members, my fellow co-workers, and visitors with anything that I can. It is easy to look at a plowshare of the picture, but we should always take a few steps fundament and look at the whole picture. In doing this it helps facil itate not only one area but all areas. Jesus was always able to rationalise to his apostles the whole of a situation when they asked him questions, looking at a problem as a whole, rather than a portion makes it easier to treat everyone involved, not just one person.God has given humanity many gifts, such as the ones mentioned above. God also gives individuals gifts and graces them with the ability to perform and strengthen the gifts given to them. Although we are made in the image of God, people can differ a great deal. They differ in actions, opinions, thought and feelings this is a gift in itself. As nurses God has give us with gifts of empathy, compassion, intuition and understanding. As much as nursing is a scholarship it also holds a strong component of intuition and feeling.A patient connects with the nurse at the bedside because of the feelings that they share and experience together. When a nurse and a patient are able to connect on this level relationships are formed an d care is given, received and collaborated. This bond that is created is another example of how we are created in Gods image and how we share this with others. Conclusion To be created in the image of God means that we must look to God for our meaning, purpose, and direction. It also makes us thinking, willing, feeling, relational creatures who consult these attributes of our Creator. Shelly Miller, 2006). With this in mind we can all realize that to be created in the image of God is a gift, from a loving, relational God. I feel that if we can keep this thought in perspective, that our life, created in His image, is a gift and remain thankful for this gift we will be able to serve others with God in our hearts and minds. God did not create us to be solitary beings. He created us to commune together, to love one another and to help one another. Although our divine likeness has been weakened, it still remains and it is our responsibility to training our faith and help it o grow. Wh en we do this we become closer to God and strengthen our bond not only with our love for humanity and the union we share with it but also our bond with God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. When we feel that stringency and strength it helps us to remember that we were created in His image and likeness which in turn helps us to live our faith. References Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. 2nd ed. Vatican Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2000. Christianity Central Beliefs. (2010). Retrieved family line 13, 2010, from http//www. infoplease. com/ce6/society/A0857333. tmlixzz0zQKnLsSt Created in gods image. (1986). Grand Rapids, MI/Cambridge, UK William B. Eerdmans. New American Bible, (1991). St. Joseph ed. Catholic book Publishing Corporation. New World Encyclopedia Online. (2010). Augustine of Hippo. Retrieved September 13, 2010, from http//www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Augustine_of_Hippo Shelly, J. A. , & Miller, A. B. (2006). Called to cathexis A Christia n Worldview for Nursing. 2nd ed. InterVarsity Press Downersgrove, IL. What it Means for Humans to be Created in the Image of God THEO/532 September 14, 2010 Brandy Perkins Malone UniversityImage of GodChristianity has been interpreted in many ways by different theologians and lay people. As much as this subject is studied there continues to be an ongoing differing of opinions relating to what it means to be created in the image of God. However, even with the differing of opinions, Christian faith is based on the central belief that Jesus is the Son of God, the second person of the Trinity of God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and that his life on earth, his crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension into heaven are proof of Gods love for humanity. infoplease. com, 2010). Although Christian beliefs are based on the New Testament, Christianity still views the Old Testament as a very important part of its faith and uses it often in reference and teaching. This paper will first discuss what it means to be created in the image of God as it pertains to my opinion and second how my beliefs on this subject are incorporated into my nursing practice.Man in Gods Image The most distinctive feature of the biblical understanding of man is the teaching that man has been created in the image of God. Hoekema, 1986). The bible refers to man being made in Gods image in both the Old Testament and the New Testament. In the Old Testament, the book of Genesis references man being made in Gods image in the Creation Story, in explanation of the generations of Adam to Noah and also again in the Covenant With Noah. Genesis 126-28 51-3 and 96. The New Testament references in many different books that man was made in the likeness of God and also speaks frequently of Jesus as being the perfect man who is made in the image of God.Hoekema states Since Christ was totally without sin (Heb 415), in Christ we see the image of God in its perfection. Christian belief follows that man was m ade in the image of God however, differing theologians have developed differing theories over the years in regards to what it means to be made in the image of God. Theologian Saint Augustine of Hippo believed that humanity, which was created in the image of God, also had an image of the Trinity within it. He believed that there was evidence of the trinity within the human mind such as love, being, knowing, willing and understanding. (newworldencyclopedia. rg, 2010). According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) Of all visible creatures only man is able to know and love his creator. He is the only creature on earth that God has willed for its own sake, Man occupies a unique place in creation, he is in the image of God. God, creator of all life, made man unique apart from other living things by giving him gifts such as dignity, self-knowledge, self-possession, the ability to commune with others, free will, faith and love. Creation began with Adam and has been passed down to all of humanity which, in turn, results in a unity within humanity.Acts 1726 states He made from one the whole human race to dwell on the entire surface of the earth, and he fixed the ordered seasons and the boundaries of their regions. Because creation began with Adam, who was created in Gods image, and we are all from Adam, we too are created in Gods image. The question is what does this mean? For some it means, contrary to my personal beliefs, that with the Fall of Adam and the development of sin the image of God in humanity has been destroyed or corrupted. So what does it mean to be created in Gods image? Man was created with definitive differences from other animals.I believe animals are capable of love and all living things possess and innate ability for survival. I also believe that some animals are capable of a higher cognitive reasoning to an extent. For example, both sharks and chimpanzees have been taught to use a higher thought function in turn producing higher cognition . There is life, even within plants, that manifests and grows. However, God gave man a soul that with his body creates a unity. A soul that possesses unique gifts that other living things do not have. God gave man the ability to develop relationships with others and with God himself.I believe that God initially created man for companionship and love. Because of this our Creator has made a never-ending covenant with us and loves us unconditionally. I believe that God created man and woman equally and that the first union is the first representation of communion among humans. I believe that our humanity, made in Gods image, is created good. I believe that although there is sin in all of us, this sin does not corrupt our souls but because of Adams original sin, it is now within all of us, not as a personal fault but a flaw of humanity.A wounded nature (CCC). I believe that man is capable of personal sin and does so on a daily basis because of this wounded nature, however, God gave us f ree will and man has the choice of right and wrong. Unfortunately, since the Fall, man is no longer perfect with a divine likeness and sin is actually a proper state within humanity. Meaning that As a result of its original sin, human nature is weakened in its powers subject to ignorance, suffering, and the domination of death and inclined to sin. (CCC).Gods image remains present in us because we are created by God. Good remains present in us because we are created by God. This can be evidenced by seeing humanity helping each other in times of need, seeing love shared in so many forms and present in so many deeds, seeing the overall beauty of humanity that is present even though we live in a world of sin and imperfection. Man remains hopeful in many ways and the Grace of God shines through in many situations. With all of this happening on a continual basis how could one question that man has lost his image of God?Yes, there is evil present in the world, as stated earlier mankind is weakened, only weakened, not distorted and corrupt. Personal Beliefs for Serving those in Need of Healthcare Now that ground has been established for how man is created in Gods image I would like to discuss how I personally not only see this within my nursing practice but also how I use it to provide care to patients. Shelly and Miller state that The role of the nurse grew out a Christian understanding of the human person as created in the image of God and viewed the body as a living unity and the temple of the Holy Spirit (1 Cor 316).As a nurse I find that this statement has very a great deal of truth in it. Nurses view the body as a Temple in many ways and assist those in who are not able to care for themselves. I feel that because we are created in Gods image, we should work to take care of ourselves and try to maintain a disease free state. Unfortunately, there are people who do not always share this view this is where keeping God with us while giving care becomes very important . As nurses, whether it is an advanced practice nurse or a floor staff nurse, we have a desire to care for others.We want to help them return to a functioning state of health, whatever that may be because it differs depending on disease process. However, often times because a person has a chronic disease, he or she does not want to participate in their care or is short tempered with the staff that cares for this person. When this happens it is easy for a nurse to also become defensive and give less of herself to this person. Unfortunately, this happens frequently on busy units and emergency departments. If the nurse is not careful, he or she can become jaded and judgmental developing preconceived notions of patients based olely on the diagnosis or actions from the patient. However, if the nurse keeps God in her mind and close to her heart he or she is able to see the patient in a different light and can care for this patient in their diseased state knowing that we are all children o f God and made in his image. In order to take optimal, holistic care of our patients we need to always keep with us that humanity is created in Gods image and that life is a sacred gift that we should respect on all levels no matter who the person is or how he or she may differ from yourself.When I am caring for my patients I try to always be not only sympathetic but empathetic. Being sick is a scary thing and often times the outcomes are unknown at the time of the present illness. Fear of the unknown is one of the most common stressors a person can have. So, if you take the stress of not knowing and combine it with the physical stress of being sick and emotional stress that accompanies not feeling well you can easily see that nurses often take care of patients when they are not only at a suboptimal level physically but also emotionally and often times spiritually.With this in mind one can understand the struggle on both sides of the spectrum a person is at a place where he or she i s requiring care from someone other than themselves. This person is a consumer and knows that he or she is paying for the care that is being received, with this in mind one can see how this can easily be looked at from a business-like perspective meaning basically an exchange of transactions and nothing more. However, in healthcare there is the human aspect that is very unique among business.We are in the business of caring. As nurses we not only know this, we feel this. We see a person in need and provide care for that person, this alone has aspects of the image of God within it. The desire to provide care and love for another being even when this being is not always acting kind or doing the right thing is a grace given to us by God. Jesus, the son of God, the second person of Trinity was a great healer and a caring, loving man. In all four of the Gospels, there are acts of healing documented that Jesus performed.Understanding that Jesus wanted to heal afflictions and help those wh o could not help themselves and knowing that he did this with kindness and love in his heart keeps me true to my profession and spirituality. Not everyone is blessed with good health and even those who are experience tragic events. Because humanity is a union, created by God and in the image of God, we are called to help one another not only in times of need but on a daily basis. I think that in doing this we strengthen our relationship between each other and with God.As a nurse I keep this in perspective so that I am not only helping my patients but also my patients family members, my fellow co-workers, and visitors with anything that I can. It is easy to look at a portion of the picture, but we should always take a few steps back and look at the whole picture. In doing this it helps facilitate not only one area but all areas. Jesus was always able to explain to his apostles the whole of a situation when they asked him questions, looking at a problem as a whole, rather than a porti on makes it easier to treat everyone involved, not just one person.God has given humanity many gifts, such as the ones mentioned above. God also gives individuals gifts and graces them with the ability to perform and strengthen the gifts given to them. Although we are made in the image of God, people can differ a great deal. They differ in actions, opinions, thought and feelings this is a gift in itself. As nurses God has granted us with gifts of empathy, compassion, intuition and understanding. As much as nursing is a science it also holds a strong component of intuition and feeling.A patient connects with the nurse at the bedside because of the feelings that they share and experience together. When a nurse and a patient are able to connect on this level relationships are formed and care is given, received and collaborated. This bond that is created is another example of how we are created in Gods image and how we share this with others. Conclusion To be created in the image of God means that we must look to God for our meaning, purpose, and direction. It also makes us thinking, willing, feeling, relational creatures who reflect these attributes of our Creator. Shelly Miller, 2006). With this in mind we can all realize that to be created in the image of God is a gift, from a loving, relational God. I feel that if we can keep this thought in perspective, that our life, created in His image, is a gift and remain thankful for this gift we will be able to serve others with God in our hearts and minds. God did not create us to be solitary beings. He created us to commune together, to love one another and to help one another. Although our divine likeness has been weakened, it still remains and it is our responsibility to nurture our faith and help it o grow. When we do this we become closer to God and strengthen our bond not only with our love for humanity and the union we share with it but also our bond with God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. When we fe el that closeness and strength it helps us to remember that we were created in His image and likeness which in turn helps us to live our faith. References Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. 2nd ed. Vatican Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2000. Christianity Central Beliefs. (2010). Retrieved September 13, 2010, from http//www. infoplease. com/ce6/society/A0857333. tmlixzz0zQKnLsSt Created in gods image. (1986). Grand Rapids, MI/Cambridge, UK William B. Eerdmans. New American Bible, (1991). St. Joseph ed. Catholic book Publishing Corporation. New World Encyclopedia Online. (2010). Augustine of Hippo. Retrieved September 13, 2010, from http//www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Augustine_of_Hippo Shelly, J. A. , & Miller, A. B. (2006). Called to Care A Christian Worldview for Nursing. 2nd ed. InterVarsity Press Downersgrove, IL. What it Means for Humans to be Created in the Image of God THEO/532 September 14, 2010 Brandy Perkins Malone University

Festival: Chinese New Year and Tangy Pineapple Tart Essay

Malaysia is a land getn of its multicultural and the diversity of religions. As this country is made up of different races, the people of Malaysia inevitably celebrates a variety of festivals. To the Chinese, the most important festival is the Chinese hot Year, which usually falls on the month of January or February. Before the festival, throngs of shoppers head for shops in search of mandarin orange oranges, new year tit bits, new clothes, plants resembling bamboos, money plants or little kumquat trees that live the prosperous meaning. Some families even get together to bake and prepare the new year delicacies like the yummy and tangy pineapple tart, almond cookies and so on. The Chinese also make it a slur to settle all debts before the new year begins as it symbolizes bad luck to bring send on debts from the past.On the eve of the new year, family members get together for a special reunion dinner. Younger unmarried members of the families receive red packets containing mon ey when they go around visiting friends and relatives. The Muslims celebrate Hari Raya Puasa which marks the end of the Muslim month of fasting. The festival begins with soliciters at the mosque early in the sunrise. Some people visit the cemetery to pray for family members who have departed. After that, there are visits to relatives house and feasts. The most popular truelove during this time will be the ketupat which is made from rice, chicken or beef rendang, a dish that is cooked with a lot of coconut milk.Green packets containing money will also be distributed during this festival. Deepavali or the festival of lights is celebrate by the Hindus. Homes of Hindus are decorated with little colorful lamps which symbolize the victory of good over evil. On this auspicious day, Hindus dress in new clothes will go to the temple in the morning to pray. Then, they either visit their friends or invite friends over to their homes for feast. These festivals of different races have opened up chances for Malaysians to know and understand the cultures of others. This situation will definitely build up the spirit of unity among the people in this fortunate land.

Operations management case study Essay

IntroductionSome of the most essential factors that cease be utilise in the management of nodes include order agreeable and order qualifying factors. Notably, these factors are very essential in ensuring that businesses carry out their activities in the most efficient ways. It is quite imperative for various organisations to understand the translucent aspects related to order winning and order qualifying factors in order to ascertain progress in gracefuling organisational goals and objectives. Admittedly, order winning aspects are the things that can directly be attributed to the success of a business. On the some opposite hand, order qualifying factors are those that are considered as factors responsible for average level of extremely competitive performance that can be accepted among customers. This section seeks to discuss the order winning factors and how they can be applied in small car business. Order winning factors include strategies that are go ford by companies in enabling internal operational aspects in order to create competitive good and achieve market success.In fact, order winning factors have to involve a combination and co-ordination of merchandising and operation based activities. In fact, operation managers are the ones who are often responsible for ensuring that order winning and order qualifying aspects are introduced in order to enable orders win and acquire a larger market share in a specific market. For the case of small cars, it is quite important for marketers to fasten that they identify the demands by customers and work towards meeting their demands. An order winning factor would give the customers the reasons why they should barter for the cars and ensure that they get the value for their money. For a small car, the order winning factors would be elements such as performance, effectiveness of the design, availability, attractiveness, price, among other factors.In order to ensure that the customers purchase a product su ch as a small car, the marketers have to ensure that the factors are in line with the customers take and wants. Asa matter of fact, the small cars have to be designed in a manner that would give customer value attributes to the customer and satisfy their needs. For instance, a small expensive car faculty be bought as a result of the prestige that comes with owning such a car. As a result, the customers social class might also be a great factor that makes a small car to be the winning order for them. The design abut qualifying factors products have to meet the minimum standards in order to make the customers purchase the product.Process design diagramIn the participation Action Response, there are a look of wastes that have been identifies to be affecting the operations of the sympathy firm. Notably, there are a number of protocols that have to be followed in the lodge hence fashioning the process of activities in the organisation to be longer than usual. One of the major fa ctors that lead to wastage with ARAPU processes include conceal time. In as much as the comp any receives overwhelming number of coatings per day, it is quite critical for the company to ensure that wait time is reduced so as to provide adequate time for other activities such as processing of funds and creation of more than opportunities to the companys clients. The time fagged waiting for the companys response should be significantly reduced so as to ensure that the company works within the available time frame to take care of all its operations. another(prenominal) factor that wastes time in a number of organisations is the processes.The use of a standard form in application of aid by either the potential aid receivers or their intermediary charities has made the application process take much longer than expected. As a result, there is wastage of resources in printing of forms that could kinda be filled online employ log in details given to every potential recipient and th eir intermediaries. With an IT system that is well-equipped, the company can work towards ensuring that it achieves its goals faster than normal through its IT experts. Sending applications through posts and fax takes longer time and makes the company handle bulky papers that could otherwise be turned into other uses. By employing several staff members with different roles, the company is overspending on labour. Alternatively, the company could employ qualified applied science experts so that all the activities such as coding, filling, and data entry are done at a central place.In order to save time and avoid wastage of resources, thecompany should ensure it works towards using the Deming process improvement cycle in order to achieve its goals. Evidently, using the cycle would involve the process of Plan-under this section, the company should come up with the best plans that it can use to meet the demands of its potential aid recipients. This could be done by seeking more funds an d ensuring that it carries out effective planning that would see the use of the funds done in an organised manner. The planning process would also involve coming up with goals and objectives that would be very crucial in creating efficiency within the organisation. Do- This stage involves implementation of all the ideas that ARAPU had say in the planning stage.In fact, this is where much work lies as the company would process a number of aid applications as per the case study. Study- Under this stage, the organisation would ensure that it monitors the various outcomes that it got from the last two processes. It go forth also help in identification of problems and evaluation of the organisational success. Act- This step closes the cycle and mainly involves integrating any factor noticed in the entire process. The step also involves coming up with actions that could be utilize in ensuring adjustments are made to the goals. It might also involve reformulation of the organisational s trategies so as to bring more donors on board. In order to gain the best results, the process should be repeated over and over again.

Dairy: Milk and Clover Essay

cloer S. A. (Proprietary) Limited ( clover) is the biggest dairy processor in southeastern Africa with a turn overover of R 4. 3 billion and staff in excess of 6 000. medick collects approximately 30% of southeast Africas milk supply and processes it into good known brand dairy and related products which is then distri notwithstandinged nation in ally and scour exported into certain African countries.In this document, medics foreign opportunities and terrors, and its screennal strengths and weaknesses give be evaluated in order to complete the relevant matrices, whereafter the Grand Strategy Matrix will be used to word appropriate strategies to deal with the key opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses Mission and Vision Statements Clovers mission (which answers the question What is Clovers business?) is as follows Clover is a brand foods and beverages group with a strong stress on value-added products.Clovers South African dairy business is the perfect enabler to reach the mathematical groups widely dispersed customers and consumers. Extraordinary cargon is interpreted to develop brands which will occupy the image one or two positions in its chosen segments. It believes in the superior procurement, production, merchandise, sales and distri preciselyion of these branded consumer goods (BCG) to its loyal consumers. A check up on of the mission statement shows that nearly of the 9 Cs (i. e. Customers, Products, Markets, Technology, disquiet for survival, Growth and Profit force, Philosophy, Self Concept, Concern for Public Image and Concern for Employees) have been utilised in a short statement. It is suggested that the future(a) of the absent 9 Cs be included or expound upon in the mission statement Concern for employees Philosophy. Its raft (which answers the question What do we want to become?) is as followsTo be a leading and war-ridden ships bon ton in South Africa and selected African countries, reaching any consumer on a daily basis with its most admired branded and trusted products, delivering improved and sustainable sh argonholder value by being a responsible corporate citizen and preferred employer. A review of the vision statement shows stronger and more reliance by Clover on its brand than on its products.However, Clovers vision is most certainly achievable, and in certain aspects one may argue that the vision statement capacity be outdated. THE outside(a) ASSESSMENT Introduction Broadly, the purpose of an external assessment is to a come withs (in this case Clovers) opportunities which could benefit it on the one hand, and on the another(prenominal), threats that should be avoided. Generally, these external forces can be divided into the following categories Economic forcesSocial, cultural, demographic and environmental forces Political, governmental and legal forces expert forces and competitive forces. Each of these categories will be discussed briefly, as well as the opportunities and threats will be listed to a lower place each heading. Economic Forces The current and ongoing recession had a negative stupor on the companys interim financial results for the 6 months ending December 2008.More particularly and in the oral communication of Clovers Chief Executive, Mr JH Vorster, a recent international publication on dairy matters give tongue to that the industry faces a perfect storm of destructive economic forces and South Africa and Clover could not flying these forces. The high unemployment numbers (which increases by the day) have an impact on disposable income, which in turn has an impact on buying behaviour, especially towards branded products (which Clover prides itself on), which as a very general get carries a price margin.This, however, will detain to pose a problem, and as such, Clover must continue to ride the wave of brand recognition to endeavour to brace itself against the prevailing negative economic forces, which is seen as a huge threat. A further threat is the high number of farmers leaving the trade callable(p) to what they generally term unaffordability. Social, Cultural, Demographic and Environmental Forces Clover believes in personal social uplift, thereby not only donating money in general, but being directly involved in the upliftment.Its flagship upliftment programme, Mama Afrika, presently supports in excess of 10 000 people. Appropriately, Clover views this project along the following lines Clovers flagship CSI doctrine is underpinned by the principle of sustainability instead of giving people handouts, it is investing in projects that empower communities and enhance their ability to become self-sufficient in the long term. We teach the Mamas how to fish rather than give them the fish. According to Clover, it believes thatThe company is inextricably part of the community and will wherefore, in terms of support and development, accept its social indebtedness Profitability and growth are pre-requisite s to fulfill its social responsibility indoors financial means The community, in the main has to accept responsibility for its own well-being and will only within means, be supported in this It creates wealth through company taxes, employee taxes and levies which enable government to establish and maintain essential infrastructure standardised roads, education and health services Opportunities for work and prosperity are not only created within the business, but that it, indirectly, contributes to job creation and combating poverty. It furthermore enforces strict environmental disposal techniques in order to protect the environment. It is therefore that Clover views the Social, Cultural and Demographic Forces as an exciting opportunity. The general deterioration of the environment is naturally a concern for Clover, as some of its biggest assets (i. e. cows) rely on a safe environment. This may therefore be seen as a (general) threat. Political, Governmental and Legal Forces Gener alFirst and foremost, Clover must ensure that the relevant agreements are in place with its retailers, service providers and suppliers. These agreements must also be regularly updated. Legislation The following legislation will be applicable to Clover (or at least cognisance should be taken of these Acts at all times) The Companies Act, 69 of 1973The Companies Act, 71 of 2008 (which will come into operation during 2010) The Consumer Protection Act, 68 of 2008, which provides for, inter alia, promoting a fair, accessible and sustainable marketplace for consumer products Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2 of 2000, which provides for access to teaching by individuals and/or entities.Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Act, 53 of 2003, which provides for, inter alia, increase broad-based and effective participation of black people in the economyThe Competition Act, 89 of 1998, which provides for, inter alia, the investigation, come across and evaluation of certain restricti ve practices (the amendments passed during 2010 holds grave consequences in for those who do not adhere to the provisions of the Act). It might well be that a companys knowledge of particular Acts as mentioned above will be an opportunity. Similarly, a companys ignorance will be a threat to the company.Clover is an set up company, has a legal subdivision and therefore its knowledge of the current law and legislation are adequate. technological ForcesClovers relationship with its customers and clients are entirely computer based (IT based). It is therefore of prevailing importance that all its IT be updated regularly (and adequately). Although it has an IT department, Clover does not have a manager wet copious to the Executive Committee (such as legal and/or Human Resources). This is seen as a weakness.Competitive Forces As mentioned in the general introduction in 1. 1 above, Clover collects approximately 30% of South Africas milk, leaving 70% which is collected by between 200 to 350 other dairies in South Africa. Of these, Parmalat (Pty) Ltd, Woodlands Dairy (Pty) Ltd, Nestle Dairy (Pty) Ltd, Milkwood (Pty) Ltd and Dairybelle (Pty) Ltd are the biggest competitors.It does however depend on the type of products (for instance, Parmalat is the biggest processor of UHT (Ultra towering temperature) milk in South Africa) and geographically (for instance, Parmalat is the biggest distributor of milk in the Western Cape). However, the mentioned companies are competitors and competitors are generally a threat.Clover relies on its brand and extensive distribution network to gain the competitive advantage. Some of the smaller competitors are more than likely to fail due to the current economic recession, thereby giving Clover the opportunities in respect of possible acquisitions of growing market share. A further threat is the (sometimes) ease with which competitors may be successful in convincing farmers to change one processor to another.THE EXTERNAL FACTOR EVALUA TION (EFE) MATRIX FOR CLOVER Key External FactorsWeightRatingWeighted Score Opportunities 1. Recession may curtilage increase in market share0. 0820. 16 2. Social upliftment programme is super successful0. 0540. 20 3. Knowledge of applicable legislation and law0. 1030.3 4. Possible acquisitions of competitors0. 0810. 08 5. Clover has branded products0. 1130. 33 Threats 6. Economic Recession is a massive concern0. 2020. 40 7. Farmers leaving the trade0. 0820. 16 8. Agreements not updated regularly enough0. 0540. 20 9. New and amended legislation places wide pressure on companies0. 0530. 15 10. Continual Environment Deterioration is of concern0. 0340. 12 11.IT department not nasty enough to management0. 0320. 06 12. Competitors are generally a threat0. 0730. 21 13. Farmers are convinced to leave Clover for its competitors0. 0720. 14 Total1. 002. 51 CONCLUSION Clover scores an average of 2. 51 out of a possible 4. on that point is therefore ample room for improvement. THE INTERNA L ASSESSMENT IntroductionBroadly, the purpose of an national assessment is to refer and list a companys internal strengths and weaknesses. Generally, these internal forces by Clover can be divided into the following categories care Forces market Forces Finance / Accounting Forces Production / Operations Forces question and reading Forces and Management Information Systems Forces. As with the External Assessment, each of these categories will be cryptically analysed and the strengths and weaknesses will be listed under each heading. Management Management of Clover has 5 basic activities, namely Planning Organising propel Staffing and Controlling.Management may be seen as actively planning in order to take the company forward in line with its vision. However, the motivatingal activity may have taken a turn for the worst, as Clover closed down one of its factories, and is in the process of restructuring and retrenchment. It is therefore submitted that management motivation is, at the moment, a weakness.Apart from the above, the activities of management are attended to adequately and the employees are always advance to participate and voice concerns, even directly with management. Marketing There are 7 basic functions of marketing, namely Customer analysis Selling products/services Product and service planning Pricing Distribution Marketing look for and Opportunity analysis.Clover is well positioned in the market and is a very strong branded company. That being said, its market share has remained stagnant for the sometime(prenominal) year or two. Clovers marketing team is very strong, and focuses on the forward-looking products, rather than milk. The main product of Clover is thus demanding to market.The view at this stage, is that Clovers prices of its products are sometimes too high, but the fact stay that Clover is marketing an extremely strong and well known brand. Finance / Accounting Strengths Can let out early on future shortfalls in the com pany and react.Had a positive net profit over last 6 year period. Operating profit was 22. 6% higher than 2007. Property, plant and equipment increased from 2007. blessing increased as a result of acquisition of 70% of Mayo Dairy by Clovers joint venture Danone Clover. Weaknesses There was a 22. 8% increase internally on run expenses in 2008 and no mention of plans to combat same. Company suffered tax loss. Interest bearing debt increased. Cash engagement increased by 26% from 2007. Production / OperationsClovers main product (milk) is extremely perishable and as such, Clover succeeds in putting milk, in whatever form, in its packaging within 48 hours after collection thereof from the farmers. This is quite impressive bearing in mind that whilst most of its milk is collected at the coast (KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Caper) most are processed in the Highveld. It is a concern that most of its factories are not close to its source, but Clover is addressing this at the moment. Its qual ity overtop is well maintained, and according to Clover, each litre of milk undergoes 55 quality checks before leaving the factory. Research and Development (R & D)Clover survives on older products, but its R & D department is always busy exploring newer and innovative products. It is however difficult to do with a product such as milk. One of its most innovative products in recent years were no fat milk and vanilla extract milk. Management Information Systems (MIS) It might be argued that Clovers MIS is not up to scratch. It relies on information from the trade and field. There is no information officer in the company.Information is collected as and when call for and/or needed. INTERNAL FACTOR EVALUATION (IFE) MATRIX FOR CLOVER Key Internal FactorsWeightRatingWeighted Score Strengths 1. Managements Planning, organising staff and controlling is good0. 1040. 40 2.Brand is very strong and thus marketing is passably easy and successful0. 2040. 80 3. Strong marketing team0. 0530. 15 4. Turnover increases year on year for the past 6 years0. 0930. 27 5. Production and operation very strong0. 1140. 44 Weaknesses 6. Management motivation low due to impending restructuring0. 7010. 2 7. Operating expenses rose by 22. 8%0. 0620. 12 8. High turnover but low profit margin (between 7% and 8%)0. 0510. 05 9. Factories too far away from source, thereby change magnitude production termss0. 0810. 08 10. Product may be seen as old and stagnant, thereby inhibiting R & D0. 0220. 04 11. MIS not adequate0. 0410. 04 Total1. 000. 002. 59 IFE CONCLUSION Clover score of 2.59 is above average, therefore indicating average to slightly strong internal position. There is therefore ample room for improvement, but it is not weak internally, which is positive. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT).SWOT analysis is a tool for auditing an organization and its environment. It is the first stage of planning and divine services marketers to focus on key issues. SWOT stands f or strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. Strategies to adopt in improving Clovers mission statement Human resources Applies to all actors along the chain from producers to consumers.Producers continuing education on breeding, feeding, animal health, the role of institutions and groups. Milk collectors and handlers training in clean milk processes payment systems. Milk procurement organization logistics environmental issues and concerns aim is to keep cost as low as possible. Knowledge management Marketing consumer education and awareness (e. g. school trips to dairies) organise the media so they can help promote milk campaigns educate health professionals so they know rough the benefits.Competitiveness Producing high quality milk at lowest cost quality is linked to other elements government can provide loans, artificial insemination, knowledge (training programs) Productivit y.Private sector can provide knowledge, consultants, equipment research and development on new products and technology nutrition management (keeping costs low, quality high) Value entree There is a phenomenal scope for innovations in product development, packaging and presentation. Steps should be taken to introduce value-added products like ice creams, flavored milk, dairy sweets, etc.This will lead to a greater nominal head and flexibility in the market place along with opportunities in the field of brand building. Addition of well-mannered products like yoghurt and cheese lend further strength both in terms of example of resources and presence in the market place. Export potential Efforts to exploit export potential are already on.Clover should export to Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and the Middle East. Following the new GATT treaty, opportunities will increase tremendously for the export of agri-products in general and dairy products in particular. Cooperatives Greater awareness o f farmers needs Clover should not think that they are the only custodians or voice of Farmers or the only ones protecting the interests of Farmers. Clover should be open enough to understand and think out of the box and to understand and see what ways and means can help farmers stay loyal and be more productive. Competition With so many newcomers entering this industry, competition is comely tougher day by day.But then competition has to be faced as a screen background reality. It is large enough for many to carve out their niche. Problematic distribution All is not well with distribution. But then if ice creams can be sold virtually at every recess and corner, why cant Clover sell other dairy products too? Moreover, it is only a matter of time before we see the emergence of a cold chain linking the producer to the icebox at the consumers home Perishability Pasteurization has overcome this weakness partially. UHT gives milk long life. Surely, many new processes will follow to im prove milk quality and extend its shelf life. Clover needs to slide by its R & D department.